Heating apparatus



(No Model.)

P. POX. HEATING APPARATUS.

No. 408,301. Patented Aug. 6, 1889.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PETER FOX, OF ENGLEYVOOD, ILLINOIS.

HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,301, dated August 6, 1889.

Application filed April 6, 1889. Serial No. 306,226. (No model!) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PETER FOX, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Englewood, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in I-Ieating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the anneXed drawings, illustrating the invention, in which- Figure I is a front elevation of a baking oven in which is embodied my invention Fig. II, a horizontal section of the even, taken above the heating-pipes R S; Fig. III, a vertical section of the oven on lines Y, Figs. I and II Fig. IV, a vertical section of the oven on line X, Fig. II; Fig. V, a vertical section of a portion of the oven on line Z, Fig. II.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a heating apparatus for baking-ovens and other purposes, in which no portion will freeze when not in use, and when heated willretain heat longer after the fire is down than steam or water.

A special advantage is attained by the use of my apparatus, in thatshonld the even not have been heated enough to complete thebakin g the oil in the pipes can readilybe made to raise the temperature as may be required before bread becomes inert or clammy. I employ in such ovens a series of pipes and a tank, which are filled with oil which is heated by a fire of coal, wood, gas, or oil to any degree less than that to produce combustion. Such pipes are within the oven, and the oiltank lies below the bottom, on which the bread is put, and beneath the tank is the fire-box. Provision is made for supplying the tank and pipes, and there is an exhaust for the escape of gases from the heated oil, and a construction whereby the oil is kept in circulation.

C is the front, D B the sides, and A the back wall, of the ordinary,baking-oven.

F is the arch over the baking-chamber, E is the bottom, G the hearth thereof, and V the door.

In one corner of the oven is placed a strong cast-metal tank I, which is cast solid with two headers N and O, of suitable strength to support the pipes connected therewith. At one side of this tank is connected, by a screwthread or otherwise, a pipe M, for supplying the tank and pipes with oil, and to this end the top of the supply-pipe should extend above the higher header N of the apparatus.

N O P Q represent the heads to the gates of two pipes each, and N N are the heads to the single pipe S, the head N serving to support three pipes. In practice the ends of heads 0 P Q l are solid; but the heads are hollow inside to form a communication with the pipes for the flow of oil. The lower ends of heads 0 N will open into the tank I. Suppose the pipes R to have a three-inch bore, the pipe S should be constructed with double that area in section to insure a proper circulation, and the single pipe must be above or below the pipes R. Oonnnunicating with the head Q, Figs. I and II, is a small pipe T, which must extend above the supply-pipe M for the discharge of gases from the oil, and apipe U, near the supply-pipe, communicates with the tank I, and an indicator is to be connected therewith to show the degrees of heat; and when a cock is employed in the pipe T a pressuregage must be connected with pipe U. It, however, is not intended that at any time the pipe T should be fully closed; but should the fire in the furnace K get low the heat in the pipes R S will be intensified by nearly closing the cocks at and b. The pressure need not be over five pounds to the inch, and as the tank and pipes will be constructed to withstand eighty pounds perfect safetywill be attained. Any fuel may be applied in the fireboX K to heat the oil, care being taken not to heat it to a point of combustion. Lard-oil or fish-oil may be employed;.but the cheaper oilsuch as is made from fats of a low grade is found to serve well the purpose. Vegetable-oilssuch as linseed and oils containing a gummy substance therein--for obvious reasons are unsuitable.

In starting the apparatus in cold weather the oil may be too stiff and require to be warmed to fill the pipes; but after the pipes become heated the oil, although somewhat stiff, will melt in the enlarged end of pipe M to keep up asupply equal to the consumption, for if the oil is kept below the burning-point the decomposition of the same will be evinced by a slow escape of gas from the pipe T, which should extend to the open air. \Vhen the pipes are filled, as above stated, no care is necessary except to keep the temperature required. For ovens such temperature should be about the same as lard for making fried cakes. Such heat Will-bake bread.

It is obvious that by changing the proportions of the apparatus the mechanic accustomed to a heating apparatus can utilize the invention for heating compartments.

All parts of the device will be made of metal and such other material as is employed in steam-fitting.

Having thus described my invention, What- I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s

1. Aheatingapparatns consisting of a tank with a furnace thereunder, in combination with a series of pipes communicating therewith, a supply-pipe leadinginto the tank, and a gas-discharge pipe comm unicatin With said pipes at a point about midway of their-length from the tank in either direction from it, and

. the tank and pipes filled With oil, as and for the purpose specified.

2. A-heating apparatus for ovens, consisting of the tank I, placed in one corner thereof and on a level with the oven-bottom, the heads N N, communicating With it, the pipe S, lying above the pipes R and the latter pipes communicating with the vertical heads 0, P, Q, and N, the tank having a supply-pipe and discharge-pipe, and the tank and pipes filled with oil, in combination With an oven, as and for the purpose specified.

' PETER FOX.

VVitn esses:

G. L. GHAPIN, A. D. JOHNSON. 

